What is the most appropriate method for assessing a student's reading fluency?

Conducting a running record during an oral reading is the most appropriate method for assessing a student's reading fluency because it provides a direct observation of the student's reading performance in real time. A running record allows the teacher to note the student's accuracy, pacing, expression, and ability to self-correct while reading aloud. This assessment captures several key components of fluency, such as the smoothness of reading and the rhythm and intonation used, which are essential for understanding how well a student can read continuously and with appropriate emotion.

This method is valuable because it goes beyond just understanding words; it evaluates how well a student engages with the text as a whole, making meaning while reading. Furthermore, data collected from a running record can guide instruction, as it highlights specific areas where the student may need support or practice.