What role does background knowledge play in reading comprehension?

Background knowledge plays a crucial role in reading comprehension as it enables readers to make connections with the material they are reading. When readers encounter familiar concepts, themes, or vocabulary, they can relate the new information to what they already know, which enhances their understanding of the text. This ability to draw on prior knowledge allows them to fill in gaps in information, predict outcomes, and infer meanings, making the reading experience more meaningful and engaging.

For instance, when a reader has knowledge about a specific culture or historical event mentioned in a story, they can better grasp the nuances and implications of the narrative. This connection fosters deeper comprehension and retention of the material, as the reader is not just passively absorbing information but actively integrating it with their existing framework of knowledge. Consequently, background knowledge enriches the reading experience, promoting insight and engagement with the material.